Christianity and Judaism- monotheistic
Romans had many gods, plus at times the emperor was viewed as one
AD 66: group of Jews called the Zealots tried to rebel, but roman troops put them down and burned their temple(except for the western wall).
Romans were harsh toward those who would not worship the emperor
Especially Christians, who were viewed as followers of a new, upstart religion (cult)
Often used for 'entertainment' purposes in the colosseum (thrown to the lions, etc..)
Despite the oppression, Christianity grew quickly- by AD 200, around 10% of the people in the Roman empire were Christians.
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